Figure 2.2 Places of Articulation is an edited version of Mouth Anatomy by Patrick J.Lynch, medical illustrator, is licensed under a CC BY 2.5 licence. Figure 2.1 Parts of the Human Vocal Tract is an edited version of Mouth Anatomy by Patrick J.These include the glottal, velar, palatal, dental, and labial structures. Image descriptionįigure 2.1 Parts of the Human Vocal TractĪ labeled image of the anatomical components of the human vocal tract, including the nasal cavity, hard palate, soft palate or velum, alveolar ridge, lips, teeth, tongue, uvula, esophagus, trachea, and the parts of the larynx, which include the epiglottis, vocal cords, and glottis.Ī labeled image illustrating the anatomical components of the human vocal tract that are involved in English phonemes. To check your answers, navigate to the above link to view the interactive version of this activity. The Vocal Tractįill in the blanks with places of articulation: We will explore these in more detail later. While these places of articulation are sufficient for describing how English phonemes are produced, other languages also make use of the glottis and epiglottis among other parts of the vocal tract. The tongue can touch different parts of the vocal tract to produce a variety of consonants by touching the teeth, the alveolar ridge, hard palate or soft palate (or velum). At other times, two articulators come into contact as when the lower lip folds back into the upper teeth to produce. Sometimes the articulators touch each other as in the case of the two lips coming together to produce. As seen in Figure 2.2, there are a number of places of articulation for the lips, teeth, and tongue. These places of contact are known as places of articulation. This obstruction is produced by bringing some parts of the vocal tract into contact. While vowels do not require any modifications to the airflow, the production of consonants requires it. Figure 2.1 Parts of the Human Vocal Tract These are called semivowels and are usually classified alongside consonants as they behave similar to them. Of course, nature is not as clear-cut as all that and we do make some sounds that are somewhere in between these two categories. Phonemes that are produced with some kind of modification to the airflow are called consonants. Phonemes that are produced without any obstruction to the flow of air are called vowels. There are two basic categories of sound that can be classified in terms of the way in which the flow of air through the vocal tract is modified.
By changing the shape of the vocal tract and airflow, we are able to produce all the phonemes of spoken language.
It modified the airflow to produce different frequencies of sound. The larynx or voice box is the basis for all the sounds we produce. These include the lips, teeth, mouth, tongue and larynx. We speak by moving parts of our vocal tract (See Figure 2.1).
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